The oldest bridge in the world are found in India

PRAZZER- The Most Genius Man in the world

Who are the geniuses who ever owned the world? Da Vinci? John Stuart Mills? Or Albert Einstein predicted as long as this person? All three are considered to be a genius-a genius who has given much greater influence in their respective fields. But the man who once owned the world terjenius it's still worth was given to William James Sidis. Who is he? Why his name is less known though sunk and reaches an IQ range of 250-300 ..Sidis magic began when he can feed himself with a spoon at the age of 8 months. At the age of two years is not enough, Sidis has made the New York Times as a friend for breakfast. Since that time his name became a subscription newspaper headline: write several books before the age of 8 years, including the anatomy and astronomy. At the age of 11 years Sidis accepted at Harvard University as the youngest student. Harvardpun then fascinated by his genius when Sidis gave a lecture on Four Dimensional body in front of the professor of mathematics.

PRAZZER- Growth and Development of Ovule and Ovary

Angiosperms undergo double fertilization. Double fertilization produces a zygote and an endosperm. Afterwards, the ovule developes into a seed and an ovary into a fruit that protects the seed(s).

Growth and Development of Ovule

            The ovule grows and developes into a seed. The zygote and endosperm are in it. The zygote continues to grow and develops into an embryo.

Gowth and Development of endosperm

            The endosperm grows and develops earlier, compared to the embryo. The endosperm is rich in nutrients and it servers as food storage which is utilized for the growth and development of the embryo. In most monocotyledons,the nutrient reservers is put in the cotyledon before seed grows and developes further.

Gowth and Development of embryo

            Growth and development of the embryo is begun with zygotic cleavage by mitosis to produce basal and apical cells. Basal cells develop into a suspensor. The suspensor function as a connector between the embryo and the outer layer of the ovule. It also allows nutrients flow from the mother plant or the endosperm. Apical cells develop into a proembryo. This is followed by embryo`s development. In then develops a stem and roots.

PRAZZER- Energy Potensial and Energy Kinetic

The energy of an object is the size of the object's ability to conduct a business. The unit of energy is the joule. Energy in the physical sciences are divided into variouskinds / types, among others:

PRAZZER- KIND OF RAIN

Rain is one form of precipitation, or derived from space fluid, such as snow, hail, dew and fog. Rain forms when separate drops fell to earth from the clouds. Not all rain water to the earth's surface, some evaporates while falling through dry air, a type of precipitation that are recognized as virga.

Rain plays an important role in orbit hydrologik in which moisture evaporates from the sea, exchanged into the clouds, gathered into clouds, then fall back to earth, and finally returned to the sea through rivers and streams to repeat the original recycling.

The amount of rain was measured using a rain gauge. He stated as the d

PRAZZER- Atom Bohr Model

Bohr Atom ModelThe fourth model of the atom which we will discuss the Bohr atom model. In 1913, Danish physicist named Neils Bohr atom Rutherford repair failures through experiments on the hydrogen atom spectrum. These experiments successfully gives an overview of state of electrons occupying the area around the atomic nucleus.Bohr's explanation of the hydrogen atom involves a combination of the classical theory of Rutherford and of Planck's quantum theory, expressed by four postulates, as follows:There are only a certain set of orbits are allowed for one electron in a hydrogen atom. Orbit is known as a state of stationary motion (settling) of electrons and is a circular path around the nucleus;As long as the electrons are in stationary trajectory, the electron energy remains so there is no energy in the form of radiation emitted or absorbed;Electrons can only move from one stationary trajectory into another stationary trajectory. In this transition, a certain amount of energy involved, the amount in accordance with Planck equation, ΔE = hv;Stationary trajectory is allowed to have the scale with certain properties, especially a property called angular momentum. The amount of angular momentum is a multiple of h/2Π or nh/2Π, where n is an integer and h Planck constant.
According to Bohr's atomic model, the electrons surrounding the nucleus in certain paths called electron shells or energy levels. Lowest energy level is the electron shell which is located in, getting out of her skin and the greater the number the higher the energy level.
Bohr Atom Model
For Bohr atom model is more interesting, a friend can view the animation by clicking Animation to this Bohr Atomic Model.

Experiments Bohr

Excess Bohr Atomic ModelBohr atom is that the atom consists of a few skins for the transfer of electrons.
Weaknesses Bohr Atomic ModelThis atomic model is not able to explain the Zeeman effect and the effect of Strack.
To download the file percentage of Bohr's atomic model, the friend can click the link to this Bohr Atomic Model. Files obtained from physicsline.

PRAZZER-DESCRIPSION OF ANATOMY

DESCRIPSION OF ANATOMY

Anatomy (from the Greek ἀνατομία anatomia, from ἀνατέμνειν ana: separate, apart from, and temnein, to cut up, cut open) is a branch of biology andmedicine that is the consideration of the structure of living things. It is a general term that includes human anatomy, animal anatomy (zootomy) and plant anatomy(phytotomy). In some of its facets anatomy is closely related to embryology, comparative anatomy and comparative embryology,^[1] through common roots in evolution.

Anatomy is subdivided into gross anatomy (or macroscopic anatomy) and microscopic anatomy.^[1] Gross anatomy (also called topographical anatomy, regional anatomy, or anthropotomy) is the study of anatomical structures that can be seen by unaided vision with the naked eye.^[1] Microscopic anatomy is the study of minute anatomical structures assisted with microscopes, which includes histology (the study of the organization of tissues),^[1] and cytology (the study of cells).

The history of anatomy has been characterized, over time, by a continually developing understanding of the functions of organs and structures in the body. Methods have also improved dramatically, advancing from examination of animals through dissection of cadavers (dead human bodies) to technologically complex techniques developed in the 20th century including X-ray, ultrasound, and MRI imaging.

Anatomy should not be confused with anatomical pathology (also called morbid anatomy or histopathology), which is the study of the gross and microscopic appearances of diseased organs.

Superficial anatomy

Superficial anatomy or surface anatomy is important in anatomy being the study of anatomical landmarks that can be readily seen from the contours or the surface of the body.^[1] With knowledge of superficial anatomy,physicians or veterinary surgeons gauge the position and anatomy of the associated deeper structures. Superficial is a directional term that indicates one structure is located more externally than another, or closer to the surface of the body

HUMAN ANATOMY

Human anatomy, including gross human anatomy and histology, is primarily the scientific study of the morphology of the adult human body.^[1]

Generally, students of certain biological sciences, paramedics, prosthetists and orthotists, physiotherapists, occupational therapists, nurses, and medical students learn gross anatomy and microscopic anatomy from anatomical models, skeletons, textbooks, diagrams, photographs, lectures and tutorials. The study of microscopic anatomy (orhistology) can be aided by practical experience examining histological preparations (or slides) under a microscope; and in addition, medical students generally also learn gross anatomy with practical experience of dissection and inspection of cadavers.

Human anatomy, physiology and biochemistry are complementary basic medical sciences, which are generally taught to medical students in their first year at medical school. Human anatomy can be taught regionally or systemically;^[1] that is, respectively, studying anatomy by bodily regions such as the head and chest, or studying by specific systems, such as the nervous or respiratory systems. The major anatomy textbook, Gray's Anatomy, has recently been reorganized from a systems format to a regional format,^[3][4] in line with modern teaching methods. A thorough working knowledge of anatomy is required by physicians, especially surgeons and doctors working in some diagnostic specialties, such as histopathology and radiology.

Academic human anatomists are usually employed by universities, medical schools or teaching hospitals. They are often involved in teaching anatomy, and research into certain systems, organs, tissues or cells.

PRAZZER- HOW TSUNAMI CREATED

this video is about how was tsunami created  

PRAZZER-RAIN is uniqe

Rain is a form of precipitation in the form of liquid. Precipitation itself can be either solid (eg, snow and hail) or aerosol (such as dew and fog). Rain forms when separate drops fell to earth from the clouds. Not all rain water to the surface of the earth because some evaporates while falling through dry air. Rain type is called virga.Rain plays an important role in the hydrological cycle. Lembaban from the sea evaporated, turned into the clouds, gathered into clouds, then fall back to earth, and finally returned to the sea through rivers and streams to repeat the original recycling.

 Standard rain gaugeThe amount of rain was measured using a rain gauge or ombrometer. He stated as the depth of water that collects on a flat surface, and measured approximately 0.25mm. Precipitation according to the SI unit is the millimeter, which is an abridgement of liters per square meter.Precipitation is often described as a form of "oval", width below and shrink above, but this is not appropriate. Precipitation of small nearly spherical. Large rainwater becomes increasingly flat, like hamburger buns; rainwater larger umbrella-shaped plunge. Rainwater falling faster large versus smaller rainwater.Some cultures have formed hate to rain and has created various equipment such as umbrellas and rain clothes. Many people are also more like to stay indoors on rainy days.Usually had higher levels of acid rain pH 6. Precipitation with a pH below 5.6 is considered acid rain.Many people assume that the smell in the rain is considered fragrant or fun. The source of this odor is petrichor, essential oils produced by plants, then absorbed by rocks and soil, and then released into the air when it rains.The types of rainFor the purposes of study or practical, differentiated according to the occurrence of rain, grain size, or rainfall.The types of rain based on the occurrence• Rain siklonal, the rain that occurs because hot air rises along with rotating winds.• Rain zenithal, ie rainfall in the area around the equator, a result of meetings with the Wind Pasat Northeast Southeast winds Pasat. Then the wind was rising and forming clouds around the equator resulting clouds become saturated and the rain descended.• orographic rain, the rain that occurred because of wind that contain water vapor which moves horizontally. The wind was up into the mountains, the air temperature cools, causing condensation. There was rain in the surrounding mountains.• frontal rain, ie rain which occurs when cold air masses meet with a hot air mass.Meeting place between the two masses are called fronts field. Because the heavier colder air mass at the bottom. In the vicinity of the front area of ​​heavy rain is often the case, called the frontal rain.• Rain monsoon or rainy season, the rainy season which occurs due to wind (monsoon). The cause of the monsoon is due to the movement of the Sun's annual apparent between the Lines Behind the Lines Behind the North and South. In Indonesia, monsoon rains occur from October through April. While in East Asia occurred in May through August. Monsoon cycle is what causes the rainy season and dry season.
The types of rain on grain size• light rain / Drizzle, grain diameter of less than 0.5 mm• The snow, composed of ice crystals where the temperature is below 0 ° Celsius• Rain hail, hail the trun flow in hot weather from the clouds where the temperature below 0 ° Celsius• Heavy rain / rain, the water flow down from the clouds with temperatures above 0 ° Celsius with a diameter of ± 7 mm.

The types of rain based on the amount of rainfall (definition BMKG)• rain medium, 20-50 mm per day• heavy rain, 50-100 mm per day• very heavy rain, over 100 mm per dayartificial rainOften water needs can not be met from natural rainfall. So people create a technique to increase rainfall by providing treatment in the cloud. This treatment is called artificial rain (rain-making), or often called cloud seeding (cloud-seeding).Artificial rain is a human endeavor to enhance the precipitation falls naturally by changing the physical processes that occur inside the cloud. Physical processes that can be changed include the collision and merging processes (collision and coalescense), the process of ice formation (ice nucleation). So it is clear that the artificial rain was not creating something out of nothing. To apply the effort required the availability of artificial rain clouds that have a sufficient water content, so the rain can occur to the ground.Materials used in the artificial rain is called seedling material.

PRAZZER-ATMOSPHERE

The atmosphere is a layer of gases surrounding a planet, including Earth, the planet's surface until far in outer space. On earth, the atmosphere contained from 0 km altitude above ground level, up to about 560 km from the earth's surface. The atmosphere is composed of several layers, named after the phenomenon that occurs in the layer. Transitions between the layers to one another takes place gradually. The study of the atmosphere at first made to solve the weather problems, the phenomenon of refraction of the sun at sunrise and sinks, and flashing star kelipnya. With sensitive equipment mounted on the vehicle outer space, we can gain a better understanding of the following atmospheric phenomena that occur in it.Earth's atmosphere consists of nitrogen (78.17%) and oxygen (20.97%), with a little argon (0.9%), carbon dioxide (variable, but approximately 0.0357%), water vapor and other gases. The atmosphere protects life on Earth by absorbing ultraviolet radiation from the sun and reducing temperature extremes between day and night.75% of the atmosphere is in 11 km from the planet's surface.The atmosphere has no abrupt boundary, but rather thinned gradually by increasing altitude, there is no definite boundary between the atmosphere and outer space.TroposphereThis layer is at the lowest level, the ideal gas mixture to sustain life on earth. In this layer protected the life of the shock radiation emitted by celestial objects other.Compared with other atmospheric layer, this layer is the thinnest (approximately 15 kilometers from ground level). In this layer, almost all types of weather, sudden temperature changes, wind, pressure and humidity that we experience daily progress.The lowest elevation is the warmest part of the troposphere, because the Earth's surface absorbs heat radiation from the sun and distribute the heat into the air.Usually, if the altitude increases, air temperature will decrease steadily (steady), from about 17 ℃ to -52 ℃. In particular the earth's surface, such as mountainous areas and highlands can cause anomalies on the temperature gradient.Between the stratosphere and troposphere there is a layer called layer Tropopouse.StratosphericGradual shift from the troposphere to the stratosphere starts from a height of about 11 km. Temperatures in the stratosphere of the most under relatively stable and very cold - 70oF or about - 57oC. In this layer of very strong winds occur with a certain flow pattern. High clouds type cirrus sometimes occur at the bottom, but no significant weather patterns that occur in this layer.From the middle of the stratosphere and above, the pattern of temperature change becomes increasingly growing up, due to increased concentrations of ozone layer is increased. This ozone layer absorbs ultra-violet radiation. The temperature in this layer can reach about 18oC at an altitude of about 40 km. Stratopause separates the stratosphere layer with the next layer.MesosphereApproximately 25 miles or 40km above the earth's surface there is a transition layer to layer mesosphere. In this layer, the temperature again falls as altitude increases, up to about - 143oC near the top of this layer, ie less than 81 km above the Earth's surface. This allows the temperature as low as noctilucent clouds occur, which are formed of ice crystals.ThermosphereTransition from the mesosphere to the thermosphere begins at an altitude of about 81 km. Named after the thermosphere due to the rise in temperature is quite high at this layer is about 1982oC. This change occurs because the absorption of ultra violet radiation. This radiation causes chemical reactions to form electrically charged layer known as the ionosphere, which can reflect radio waves. Before the advent of the satellite era, this layer is useful to help emit radio waves over long distances.Aurora phenomenon also known as the northern lights or southern lights happen here.ExosphereThe existence of the reflection of sunlight reflected by meteoritic dust particles. The reflected sunlight is also referred to as light ZodiakalThe composition of the Earth's atmosphere

 Atmospheric constituent gasesThe atmosphere is composed by:• Nitrogen (78%)• Oxygen (21%)• Argon (1%)• Water (0-7%)• Ozone (0-0,01%)• Carbon dioxide (0,01-0,1%)

growth and development

Growth and Development of Ovule and Ovary

            Angiosperms undergo double fertilization. Double fertilization produces a zygote and an endosperm. Afterwards, the ovule developes into a seed and an ovary into a fruit that protects the seed(s).

Growth and Development of Ovule

            The ovule grows and developes into a seed. The zygote and endosperm are in it. The zygote continues to grow and develops into an embryo.

Gowth and Development of endosperm

            The endosperm grows and develops earlier, compared to the embryo. The endosperm is rich in nutrients and it servers as food storage which is utilized for the growth and development of the embryo. In most monocotyledons,the nutrient reservers is put in the cotyledon before seed grows and developes further.

Gowth and Development of embryo

            Growth and development of the embryo is begun with zygotic cleavage by mitosis to produce basal and apical cells. Basal cells develop into a suspensor. The suspensor function as a connector between the embryo and the outer layer of the ovule. It also allows nutrients flow from the mother plant or the endosperm. Apical cells develop into a proembryo. This is followed by embryo`s development. In then develops a stem and roots.

Structure of mature seed

            During its maturation, the seed is dehydrated until water content is only about 5% to 15% of its weigth. Then, the embryo stop developing until the seed germinates. A mature seed contains an embryo that is surrounded by a cotyledon, or an endosperm, or both. The seed is protected by a seed coat (testa).

            Dicotyledon plants have two cotyledons. In their embryo`s development, epicotyls and hypocotyls ar formed. Epicotyls are located above the cotyledon. The tip of the epicotyls is called the plumule, which is foliage of leaves. Hypocotyls are located below the cotyledon. They end at the radical. Monocots have only a single cotyledon.in some monocots, the cotyledon is called a scutellum. It is thin and the endosperm suppresses where it is positioned. The scutellum absorbs nutrients from the endosperm during germination. The embryos of grass plants are surrounded by coleorhizae and coleoptiles. Coleorhizae protects the radical and the coleoptiles protects leaves and stem primordia  

Ozon is ....?

Ozone is the result of reactions between oxygen with ultraviolet rays from the sun.Ozone in the air serves withstand ultraviolet radiation from the sun at a safe level for all of our health. Ozone is also produced by humans for use as a water purification materials, bleach, and one of the plastic-forming elements. Ozone layer Ozone layer began to be known by a scientist from Germany, Christian Friedrich Schönbein in 1839. He was a pale blue which is composed of three oxygen atoms (O3). Ozone is a colorless gas found in the stratosphere and the cloud layer that lies between 15 and 35 kilometers from the Earth's surface. The term 'ozone' or more precisely 'ozone layer' started to receive attention during the 1980s when scientists discovered a 'hole' in the ozone layer in Antarctica. The hole is the result of solar radiation that emit ultra-high. Radiation was berpecah into molecular oxygen and releasing free atoms in which the half tied with other oxygen molecules to form ozone. Approximately 90% than in the atmospheric ozone is formed in this way are included among the 15 so 55 kilometers above the Earth's surface. This section is called the stratosphere. However, the existing ozone was found to be present in small amounts is a maximum of only between 20 to 25 kilometers. The amount of ozone in the atmosphere depends on the dynamic balance between the extent to which it was formed and how it is destroyed. Benefits of the ozone layer Ozone layer is important because it absorbs ultraviolet radiation (UV) radiation from the sun to protect high up to the surface of the earth. In the form of spectrum UV radiation has a shorter wavelength than light. UV radiation with a wavelength is between 280 to 315 nanometers that is identified UV-B and he destroyed almost all life. By absorbing UV-B radiation before it reached the earth's surface, ozone layer protects the earth from the damaging effects of radiation life. Stratospheric ozone also have an effect on the temperature of the atmosphere which determine the temperature of the world. Based on the results of research scientists, who into the protective ozone layer of the earth from UV-B radiation is dwindling. CFC gas is also called a gas that causes thinning of this ozone layer. CFCs are used by modern society such as refrigerator, push the material in the sprinklers, foam and solvent production especially for electronic refineries. Scientists are already making theories and predictions about the depletion of the ozone layer is the 1970s. Effects of ozone layer depletion
Depletion of the ozone layer will lead to more ultra violet radiation rays entering the earth. Ultra-violet radiation can make the effects on human health, destroy marine life, ecosystems, agriculture and forests reduce yields. The main effect in humans is an increase in skin cancer because otherwise it can damage the eye including kataraks and might also weaken the body immune system. In agriculture, the acceptance of ultra-violet rays in plants could wipe out the world's major crops. The study results showed the results of such plants 'barley' and 'oats' showed a decrease due to acceptance of a higher radiation beam. Plants expected to experience growth retardation, will even tend to dwarf, so that damage crops and forests there. Full radiation can also be deadly children of fish, crabs and shrimp in the ocean, as well as reducing the amount of plankton which became one of the food source most marine animals. Damage to the ozone layer also has a direct influence on the warming of the earth is often referred to as the "greenhouse effect". Efforts to prevent ozone depletion be started jointly by all countries in the world. The effort has also been in galakkan seriously by UNEP (United Nations Environment Programme) one of the UN organizations engaged in environmental protection and nature programs. In 1977 again, UNEP has taken action against the World Design of the ozone layer, and in 1987, created a world agreement on the reduction of material expenditure that causes the ozone layer has been signed by the 'Montreal Protocol'. This protocol of which result in actions in guarding the income and the release of CFCs into the environment. Therefore, we should all look at this issue seriously and seeks to prevent or minimize ozone depletion in the natural world in ways that minimize the use of materials that can mempertipis ozone so that future generations can inherit the environment that is still good.